Although Alexander's army was outnumbered, he used his flair for military strategy to create formations that defeated the Persians again and caused Darius to flee. In the summer of 333, the troops of Alexander and Darius once again went head to head in battle at Issus. By fall, Alexander and his army had made it across the southern coast of Asia Minor to Gordium, where they took the winter to rest.
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Alexander then faced Persian King Darius III's army near the Grancius River Darius' forces were swiftly defeated. In 334, Alexander embarked on his Asiatic expedition, arriving in Troy that spring. His intimidation tactic proved effective the other Greek city-states, including Athens, chose to pledge their alliance to the Macedonian Empire or opted to remain neutral. It was Alexander's hope that the destruction of Thebes would serve as a warning to city-states contemplating revolt. Three days after his arrival, Alexander led the massacre of Thebes. Although Olympia served as a powerful role model for the boy, Alexander grew to resent his father's absence and philandering.Īlexander and his forces arrived in Thebes so quickly that the city-state didn't have a chance to pull together allies for its defense. Growing up, the dark-eyed and curly-headed Alexander hardly ever saw his father, who spent most of his time engaged in military campaigns and extra-marital affairs.
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The young prince and his sister were raised in Pella's royal court. Early LifeĪlexander the Great was born in the Pella region of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia on July 20, 356 B.C., to parents King Philip II of Macedon and Queen Olympia, daughter of King Neoptolemus. While considering the conquests of Carthage and Rome, Alexander died of malaria in Babylon (now Iraq), on June 13, 323 B.C. He also became the king of Persia, Babylon and Asia, and created Macedonian colonies in the region. During his leadership, from 336 to 323 B.C., he united the Greek city-states and led the Corinthian League. Who Was Alexander the Great?Ĭonqueror and king of Macedonia, Alexander the Great was born on July 20, 356 B.C., in Pella, in the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia.
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During his time of leadership, he united Greece, reestablished the Corinthian League and conquered the Persian Empire. Alexander the Great served as king of Macedonia from 336 to 323 B.C.